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Sewage Treatment Plant Fixes India's Water and Sanitation Woes

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Sewage Treatment Plant Fixes India's Water and Sanitation Woes

With only 1% of freshwater accessible for usage, it is high time we need to recycle water for other than drinking purposes to lower the demand for freshwater. Now is the time when people need to understand that water's usability does not end once it gushes down the drain. Rather, domestic and industrial wastewater should be considered as a valuable resource from which usable water and nutrients can be extracted. The wastewater generated from households, hotels, and industries is termed as sewage that contains a high quantity of organic and inorganic wastes. It is vital to treat sewage before disposing it into any water body because if sewage is allowed to enter water sources without treatment then it will contaminate them and make both people and the environment unhealthy. Therefore it is essential to properly treat sewage with a sewage treatment plant before letting it into rivers or streams. 

The biggest reason for water pollution in India is untreated sewage that is an astounding 70-80% of the total sewage of the country of 150 billion people. There are less than a thousand sewage treatment plants in India. It shows we all need to seriously consider wastewater treatment options and have more and more Sewage Treatment Plant. Sewage treatment plant processes and treats sewage water and breaks it down into a cleaner effluent that can be disposed of in nature in a safe and eco-friendly manner. This plant also helps to restore groundwater balance, curb diseases and check pollution. Sewage is treated with the help of a sewage treatment plant that involves three stages of treatment called primary, secondary, and tertiary. The treated water can be reused for washing, toilet, cleaning, and in societies the treated water can be used for gardening, washing cars, construction, and irrigation.

The Sewage Treatment Plant works in four phases called preliminary, primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment. In the preliminary phase biggies like rags, tree branches, plastics, solid, and coarse materials are removed, and then the water is moved into a sedimentation tank for primary treatment. I this tank, all the organic and inorganic solids get settled to the bottom of the tank while oil, grease, and lighter solids are moved to the surface using skimmers. During this phase, around 60% of solids are expected to be removed while the remaining water moves to the next stage. During the secondary treatment, the biological floc is separated from the liquid through aerobic biological processes. This stage comprises intense cleaning of water up to 90% after flotsam and solids are cleared in the primary treatment. This advanced or tertiary treatment process reduces pathogens, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other inorganic compounds by chemically disinfecting the water through ultraviolet light or microfiltration before releasing it for reuse. Sludge gets treated in digesting tanks with anaerobic bacteria so that it can be used as fertilizer.

Summary – Sewage treatment plants have become a necessity in India to check water pollution that has reached an alarming rate. With the help of the plant, the sewage water is treated and turned into a cleaner effluent. The cleaner effluent is returned to nature without causing any harm to humans as well as the environment. Sewage treatment plants in India are helping to curb diseases and preventing degradation of the environment.

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