Any group of aluminosilicate minerals containing calcium, sodium, or potassium, known as feldspar.
Less than 0.1 percent of the more than 3,000 known mineral species make up the majority of the Earth's crust and mantle. Most of the rocks exposed on the Earth's surface are named after these and a number of other minerals. Feldspars make up more than half of the Earth's crust, and professional writing on them makes up a significant portion of the mineralogy literature.
The chemical makeup and crystal structure of each of the common rock-forming minerals can be used to identify them (i.e., the arrangement of its constituent atoms and ions). The optical characteristics of nonopaque minerals can also be used to identify them. Such findings, on the other hand, necessitate fairly expensive equipment and complicated techniques. As a result, it's fortunate that a macroscopic examination combined with one or more tests is enough to identify these minerals in most rocks. Basic chemical and structural data, as well as features needed in macroscopically based identifications, are included in the following descriptions. Mineralogy books contain optical data that are not included in these descriptions.
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