It is a high-level programming language developed by James Gosling in Sun Microsystem in 1995.
Java is a fast, secure and reliable language used for many games, devices and applications.
Portable – Java program gets converted into Java Byte Codes that can be executed on any platform without any dependency.
Platform independent – java works on “write once and run anywhere” as it supports multiple platforms like Windows, Linux, Mac, Sun Solaris, etc.
Interpreted – java compiler converts the codes into Java Byte Codes which are then interpreted and executed by Java Interpreter.
An object consists of methods and class which depict its state and perform operations.
Java vs Javascript - What to Know
The article covers the major pros and cons of two similar at first glance, but essentially different programming languages.
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What is the difference between Java and JavaScript? This is one of the most common questions that web developers are often asked. JavaScript was initially called Mocha in May 1995, changed its name to LiveScript in September, and was finally given its current name in December when it received a license from Sun Microsystems - the creator of Java. Now, the two languages have become distinct in terms of their roles in web development and programming. This article will address both the similarities and differences between Java and JavaScript in further detail.
Defining Java
Java is a programming language designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. Java applications are compiled into bytecode that can run on implementations of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which acts as a bridge between source code and the 1s and 0s that the computer can understand. In short, Java can be run on any machine that has the JVM installed. This programming language mostly appears as a server-side language and the go-to programming language for mobile apps on the Android platform. Java is also relatively prominent on the front-end as a Java applet. However, this has become less popular because of security concerns.
Defining JavaScript
Along with HTML and CSS, JavaScript is one of the major core components of the web. It is a scripting language that usually runs in the browser and transforms web pages to become more interactive. JavaScript is rapidly becoming a server-side technology ever since the launch of Node.js back in 2009.
The Differences Between Java and JavaScript
By now, you should understand that Java and JavaScript are very different. Java was designed as a general-purpose programming language for developing standalone applications. JavaScript, on the other hand, is a scripting language designed for interfacing with web technologies, specifically HTML. In fact, when Java was first released in 1991, its main purpose was to program consumer electronics such as VCRs. JavaScript was meant to be used with Java as a client-side scripting language that can run in the browser without needing to be compiled. Here are some of the notable differences between the two languages:
1. Compiled Versus Interpreted
JavaScript is considered an interpreted scripting language, whereas Java is considered a compiled programing language. The distinction lies in the implementation. While Java is compiled into bytecode and run on a virtual device, JavaScript can be interpreted by a browser in the syntax it is written.
2. Static Versus Dynamic Type Checking
Java utilizes static type checking, in which the type of a variable is verified at compile-time, and the programmer has to spell out the type of any variable they create. However, JavaScript uses dynamic type checking, in which type safety is checked at runtime, and the programmer is not required to state the type of any variable they create. While there are both advantages and drawbacks for both paradigms, the static type checking is more advantageous when it comes to catching type errors early in development. Also, the compiler knows precisely what data types are being used, which is why code usually executes faster and consumes less memory. As for the dynamic type checking, the main advantage is programmer productivity, where you can assign types freely.
3. The Way Concurrency Is Handled
When it comes to handling the execution of many instruction sequences at the same time, Java and JavaScript have very different ways to do it. Java takes advantage of multiple threads to execute tasks in parallel. On the contrary, JavaScript, especially when it exists as Node.js in server-side applications, handles concurrency on a single main thread of execution through a queue system known as the event loop, as well as a forking system called Node Clustering. Both methods are fine for most use-cases. However, Java is typically faster as the thread to thread memory sharing is much quicker than interprocess communication (IPC).
4. Class-Based Versus Prototype-Based Inheritance
In Java, inheritance is class-based, referring to a top-down and hierarchical relationship by which properties are identified in a class and inherited by one of the members of that class. On the other hand, JavaScript follows prototype-based inheritance, meaning that all objects can inherit directly from other objects, and hierarchy is achieved by assigning an object as a prototype with a constructor function.
The Similarities Between Java and JavaScript
Despite their obvious differences, there are also some similarities between Java and JavaScript as well. Let’s take a look at the list down below:
1. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
Java and JavaScript require the developer to code in terms of objects and their associations to each other. This allows both languages access to techniques such as inheritance, encapsulation, and polymorphism.
2. Front-End Development
Both Java and JavaScript can be used in aspects of front-end development. While JavaScript can be embedded into HTML, Java can be used as a Java applet.
3. Back-End Development
The two languages can both be used on the server-side. Java has always been used to power back-end technologies such as JBoss, Apache, and WebSphere, while Node.js has become a launchpad for JavaScript-powered servers.
Pega is a business process management tool which is developed in Java and uses OOP and Java concepts.
Pega is a PRPC(Pega Rules Processor Commander) server which is used to provide the interface to the business analyst, system analyst, and developers to build the applications in Pega.
It is mainly used in finance/banking/health care where there is a need for streamlined process flow.
E.g: Credit risk analysis of a particular entity of a bank.
Pega consists of certain modulus to develop the application.
After completion of the 1st phase it is then sent to the stakeholder in order to know are there any certain requirements need to be added or not.
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of “objects”, which may contain data, in the form of fields, often known as attributes; and code, in the form of procedures, often known as methods.
It is an object-oriented programming language wherein classes and procedures revolve around the same concept and classes are defined as attributes of objects.
It is a dynamically typed prototype-based programming language that supports object-oriented programming.
It supports exception handling mechanisms and looping constructs.
It was developed at the University of Queensland, Australia.
It is an interpreted computer programming language that offers object-oriented programming features.
The biggest similarity between Python and Java is that everything is an object, support cross-platform, has immutable strings and has deep relatively standard libraries.
Besides these, there are some dissimilarities like Python has a distributed support while Java has a single corporate sponsor while Python has a distributed support.
Python and Java are compiled down to byte-code and subsequently run on virtual machines (which isolate the languages from the vagaries of the underlying hardware).
Python relishes developer community support and excessive features that make Python suitable for machine learning applications.
According to researchers, if an application is to be built from scratch, it’s good to prefer Java as a programming language.
It is already very popular
