The gruel-like material is composed of BP Zone Review several different th ings. The first, and perhaps most important element, is low density lipoprotein (ie: LDL). LDL, or "bad cholesterol", is a mixture of lipid (ie: fat and cholesterol) and protein. These molecules accelerate the atherosclerotic process for reasons discussed below.
How does LDL lead to a plaque? The first step is disruption of a layer of the blood vessel known as the intimal layer. Most blood vessels have 3 layers: the intima, media, and adventitia. The intimal layer is the portion of the blood vessel directly in contact with blood flow. The medial layer is smooth muscle that controls the diameter of the blood vessel; the adventitial layer is a connective tissue coating.
When this layer is disrupted LDL particles floating in the blood get trapped in the blood vessel wall. Once trapped they start an inflammatory reaction. White blood cells known as macrophages are recruited to the vessel's wall where, for lack of a better term "eat" the intruding LDL particles. At this point the macrophages are now known as "foam cells". These foam cells ultimately get enmeshed in a web of scar and smooth muscle. All of this together is the "plaque" that forms.
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