A current transformer is a device that generates an alternating current proportional to the AC current in its primary in its secondary. When a current or voltage is too high to monitor directly, this method is typically utilized. When the primary and secondary circuits are isolated, the generated secondary current is appropriate for measuring devices or processing in electronic equipment.
This decrease in high-voltage currents makes it possible to easily and safely use a normal ammeter to measure the actual electrical current flowing in an AC transmission line.
A voltage or power transformer has multiple turns as its primary winding, whereas an electrical CT has just one or a few. It differs from a voltage transformer in that the primary current is controlled by an external load rather than being reliant on the secondary load current. The number of secondary turns is the same as the CT ratio. The primary conductor just needs to travel once through the transformer window in order for this ratio to apply.
Current transformers come in three different categories:
Wound type: consisting of two separate windings (primary and secondary) on a magnetic steel core with different turns, depending on the design.
Bar type: consisting of a bar that is used as the principal winding and of the appropriate size and substance, or one turn.
Window (toroidal) type: features a core aperture through which the conductor carrying the principal load current passes but no primary winding.
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