The planting of honey peach depends on the conditions from the selection of seedlings, the requirements of garden construction, plastic pruning and other technical measures, and different management methods according to the quantity of cultivation. With the development of society, people pay more and more attention to food health, and organic fruits and vegetables are gradually favored by citizens. Recently, many honey peach farmers called China organic agriculture network to learn more about organic honey peach planting technology. Let's explain the organic honey peach planting management technology.
1. Seedling selection
According to the soil, climate, management level and local market conditions, select excellent varieties with good yield and right production and marketing, and match early, medium and late maturing varieties mesh pollen tray.
2. Garden establishment and planting
Select sandy soil or sandy gravel loam with good drainage, deep soil layer and pH value of 5.5 ~ 6.5 for large hole excavation and planting; Terraces shall be built on low hills and slopes, with a planting density of 40 ~ 50 trees per mu on the flat land and 50 ~ 60 trees in the mountainous area.
3. Fertilization and topdressing
Winter fertilizer and autumn fertilizer are advocated for base fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer, accounting for 60% ~ 70% of the annual fertilization. Generally, 2000kg stable manure or 150kg special fertilizer for fruit trees are applied per mu; The times, time and dosage of topdressing vary according to the variety, tree age, cultivation and management mode, growth and development period and external conditions. Generally, it is mainly pre bud fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer and post harvest fertilizer.
4. Shaping and trimming
(1) Tree shape and tree structure: the tree shape is the natural open center shape of three main branches. Tree structure: the height of the adult tree is maintained at about 2.5 ~ 3M, the dry height is 30 ~ 40cm, there are three main branches, each accounting for 120 ° azimuth, each main branch is equipped with 1 ~ 2 sub main branches, and the opening angle is about 75 °. (2) Tree culture: dry at 50 ~ 60cm in the year of planting, and more than 3 robust buds are required in the shaping belt under the cutting. In the first year after planting, the new shoots with strong growth and good azimuth angle shall be selected and cultivated as the main branch, and the other new shoots can be removed or twisted as auxiliary branches. In the second year after planting, strong branches were selected on the side 50 ~ 60 cm away from the trunk, with good opening angle. The secondary main branches were cultured, and the large and small fruiting branch groups were cultured on the main branches and secondary main branches at the same time. (3) Pruning: pruning during dormancy (winter). Pruning can be carried out from fallen leaves to germination. The combination of short cutting and sparse deletion, as well as measures such as long release, retraction and branch circling are adopted. Pruning of fruiting branches: long fruit branches, about one-third of the branch length; The middle fruit branch is not short except the sparse and dense branches; One short fruit branch should be reserved every 10 cm or so. The amount of branches left is determined according to site conditions, management level, tree age, tree potential and yield requirements. Pruning in growth period mainly includes: re pruning after flowering, removing sprouts and wiping buds, thinning branches, twisting branches, picking hearts, pulling branches, cutting shoots, moving branches and other technical measures.
5. Fruit management
The fruit setting rate of honey peach is high, so fruit thinning must be carried out to control the amount of fruit left. Fruit thinning should be carried out in two times, from late April to early May and from mid to late May. Generally, one fruit is reserved for the short fruit branch, two fruits are reserved for the middle fruit branch and three to five fruits are reserved for the long fruit branch. Spray and bag in time after fruit determination. The fruit harvest time is determined according to the variety characteristics, and it is appropriate to harvest 80% mature fruits grow tent.
6. Pest control
To prevent and control diseases, we should first do a good job in clearing the garden in winter, and timely remove the diseased branches and leaves in combination with winter pruning; White the trunk before and after the beginning of winter; Spray Bomei 5 degree stone sulfur mixture before germination in early spring to prevent brown rot, anthrax, scab, leaf shrinkage and other diseases during the growth period. The pests endangering peach trees include aphids, small pear moths, small green leafhoppers, peach borers, thorn moths, military insects, mulberry white scale, etc. They shall be sprayed in time according to the occurrence.
The above is the Organic Peach planting technology explained for you. Because the peach tree is a deciduous small tree plant, the tree height is generally 3-4m. Weak dryness and open crown. Young trees grow vigorously, with branches of more than 1 meter a year. The buds are early maturing and the crown forms quickly.
Budding is a common grafting method in fruit tree production.
It can be carried out in spring, summer and autumn.
Budding is premature, the development of budding is not yet full, the rootstock is in the vigorous growth stage, the accumulation of nutrients in the body is less, the survival rate of budding is low, and freezing injury is easy to occur after budding in the same year; Bud grafting is too late, it is not easy to leave the skin, it is difficult to heal after grafting, and the survival rate is low.
Budding in September is more suitable in the Yangtze River Basin and its south 4x8 flood tray.2.
The bud is too small and the contact surface with the rootstock is small, so it is difficult to survive after grafting; If the bud is too large, it is easy to break when inserted into the cutting of rootstock, resulting in poor contact and low survival rate.
When cutting bud pieces, pay attention to protecting bud pad or with a small amount of xylem.
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