Ressources of Kalima — Kalima Systems

Circuit typesDistribution channelThe sizing of the cable trays and devices follows the maximum load currents expected at this level of energy distribution systems.As a rule:je b max = Capacity installed capacity x simultaneity factorThe switching/protection device and the connection line must be suitable with regard to overload and short-circuit protection.In order to ensure protection against overloads, the standard conventional non-tripping currents relating to the devices used must be observed.

A check based solely on the rated current of the device or the setting value I r would be insufficient.energy distribution systemsBasic rules for ensuring overload protection:Current rule notedNon-adjustable protective equipmenti b ≤ I n ≤ I zThe nominal current je n of the selected device must be between the calculated maximum load current je b and the maximum admissible load current je z of the selected transmission medium ( cable or busbar ).Adjustable protective geari b ≤ I r ≤ I zThe rated current i r of the overload release must be between the calculated maximum load current i b and the maximum allowable load current i z of the selected transmission medium ( cable or busbar ).Triggering the current rulei 2 ≤ 1.45 x I zThe maximum allowable load current i z of the selected transmission medium ( cable or busbar ) must be greater than the conventional tripping current i 2 – / 1.45 of the selected device.The test value i 2 is standardized and varies depending on the type and characteristics of the protective equipment used.Basic rules for ensuring short-circuit protection:Short circuit energyK 2 S 2 ≥ I 2 t( K = Material coefficient; S = Cross-section)The amount of energy released when a short circuit occurs – and until it is automatically eliminated – must be less than the energy that the transmission medium can carry to the maximum otherwise irreparable damage will be caused.

As a rule, this basic rule applies in the time range up to max.

5 sec.Below 100 ms short-circuit breaking time, the passing energy of the protective device ( according to the specifications of the equipment manufacturer ) must be taken into account.When devices with a tripping unit are used, compliance with this rule over the entire characteristic curve of the device must be verified.

A simple check in the range of the maximum applied to short-circuit current ( i k max ) is not always sufficient, especially when delayed releases are used.Short circuit timet a (JE k min ) ≤ 5 sThe cut-off time resulting from the selected protective equipment must ensure that the calculated minimum short-circuit current i k min at the end of the transmission line or protected line is automatically cleared within 5 s at most.Overload and short-circuit protection need not necessarily be provided by one and the same device.

Typically, devices applied at the end of a cable tray can only provide overload protection.Final circuitsThe method for coordinating overload and short circuit protection is virtually identical for energy distribution systems and final circuits.

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