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What happens when the speed sensor fails?

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What happens when the speed sensor fails?

The speed sensor is a part used to detect the speed of the wheel. The speed sensor of some cars is the wheel speed sensor, while some cars do not have a wheel speed sensor, and the speed sensor is located on the output shaft of the gearbox. The vehicle speed signal plays an important role in many control systems of the car. When the speed sensor fails, the following symptoms generally occur:


Vehicles using wheel speed sensors as vehicle speed sensors


Today's car control systems are modularized. The wheel speed sensor belongs to the auxiliary sensor of the ABS/ESP control system. The wheel speed sensor sends the wheel speed to the ABS/ESP control unit in the form of a pulse signal, which is converted into a vehicle speed signal and sent to the On the vehicle communication system bus, whoever needs to use it can take it. This signal is generally used by many systems. When the wheel speed sensor fails, the following anomalies may occur according to different models:


1. Speedometer and odometer "strike"


We don't need to say more about this reason. Of course, if the wheel speed sensor is broken, there is no vehicle speed signal, and the odometer is also calculated according to the wheel speed sensor signal. Of course, the odometer cannot work without the speed signal. It is often said that some stores will unplug the wheel speed sensor during the transfer of new cars so that the odometer will not count when running casually. This is the principle.


2. ABS/ESP fault light is on


This is well understood. Both ABS and ESP need to intervene in braking, and the most important prerequisite for intervention is to know the speed of the wheels. If the speed of the wheels is not known, the system cannot judge whether intervention is required, so the wheel speed sensor After failure, ABS and ESP will inevitably fail.


3, tire pressure monitoring failure


A long time ago, many Volkswagen cars had a tire pressure monitoring function. This tire pressure monitoring was realized by judging the difference between the actual speed of the wheel and the speed of the standard tire pressure. Because the tire pressure will affect the tire diameter and thus the actual speed of the wheel, such as running 60 km/h, a wheel with a larger diameter must spin slower than a wheel with a smaller diameter. This type of tire pressure monitoring requires the driver to charge the tire to the standard tire pressure in advance, and then confirm it in the system. Next, the system will collect the speed of the wheel under the standard pressure and give a reference value of the normal wheel speed under the standard tire pressure. In future driving, if the tire pressure is abnormal, there will be a difference between the actual speed of the wheel and the speed of the standard tire pressure, and the system can detect the abnormal tire pressure. It's just that this tire pressure monitoring system is very slow and not so accurate. Now the most advanced is the built-in sensor. Since this type of tire pressure monitoring system needs the wheel speed to judge the tire pressure, the tire pressure monitoring system cannot collect the wheel speed signal after the wheel speed sensor fails, and it cannot work normally.


4. The driving lock function fails


The driving lock function is to automatically lock the door lock safety bolt in the car after the vehicle starts and reaches a certain speed, which can prevent people in the car from accidentally opening the door and causing danger because it needs the vehicle speed signal to determine the timing of the lock, so the vehicle speed sensor If there is a problem, it can't judge the speed of the car, and naturally it can't work.


5. Abnormal instantaneous fuel consumption and average fuel consumption


The average fuel consumption needs to calculate as the mileage, and the instantaneous fuel consumption needs to obtain the instantaneous vehicle speed. These two functions have rigid requirements for the vehicle speed signal. If the vehicle speed sensor is broken, the two fuel consumption displays will definitely be affected.


6. Cruise control


Everyone understands this. After the cruise control is turned on, the system must control the engine output power according to the speed set by the driver to ensure a constant vehicle speed. If the vehicle speed signal is lost, the system has no target, and naturally, it will not work.


7. Automatic parking


The automatic parking function is very powerful. It can automatically turn the direction to park and enter the position. The driver only needs to shift gears as required and control the speed of the vehicle. It stands to reason that the system does not need a speed signal, but it is not because the automatic parking system is turned on. The task is to help the driver find a parking space that can be parked. At this time, the driver needs to drive through the parking space at a low speed. The system searches for obstacles according to the radar on the side of the vehicle and then calculates whether the size of the space between the two vehicles can be parked according to the speed of the vehicle. So, without the speed signal, the system cannot judge the size of the parking space, and naturally, it cannot work.


8. Parking assist system/reversing the image


This is more common in Volkswagen. Many Volkswagen models have this system. It integrates the radar sensors at the front and rear of the vehicle and the reversing image to assist the driver in safe parking. For example, the screen displays the reversing image and the visual reminder of the front and rear radars of the vehicle when reversing. Turn it on and display radar visual information on the screen to remind the front of the vehicle. Since this system is generally turned on when the vehicle speed is below 15 km/h, the system cannot work normally when the vehicle speed signal is lost. When a Volkswagen is in reverse gear after the wheel speed sensor fails, it will prompt the parking assist system to be unavailable, which is basically the problem of the wheel speed sensor.

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