JAPANESE JIU JITSU
While its roots can be traced back to Buddhist monks in India, Jiu Jitsu, sometimes referred to simply as "Ju Jitsu", is a Japanese martial art. Jiu Jitsu was the Japanese Samurai's battlefield art. These Samurai warriors were well-armored, often on horseback. Jiu Jitsu was created to enable them to fight effectively even if they are disarmed or on foot. Because of the limited mobility and agility that comes with fighting in armor, Jiu Jiu has evolved to include throws as well as joint-locks and strangles.
JUDO
Jiu Jitsu was split into many styles by the mid-1800s. While the styles of Jiu Jitsu were different, most techniques included all aspects of hand-to-hand combat, including grappling, strikes and weapon use.
Jigoro Kano was a young Jiu Jitsu practitioner who developed his own "ryu" in the 1880's. It was based on 'randori' or full-power resistance against skilled and resisting opponents. This was quite a departure from the traditional partner practice. Kano's style evolved into Judo which was one of the most popular sports worldwide.
THE GRACIE FAMILY
Kano's student, Mitsuo MADEDA (also known by Count Koma: the Count of Combat), emigrated from Japan in 1914 to Brazil. George Gracie, a local politician, helped him. His father, originally from Scotland, was also an immigrant. In token of his appreciation, Maeda taught Jiu Jitsu George's son Carlos Gracie. Carlos shared his knowledge later with his brothers and opened Brazil's first Jiu-Jitsu academy in 1925.
The Gracies (especially Helio and Carlos) refined their art over the years through no-rules fights in public challenges and street combat. Their focus was on submission ground fighting which allowed a smaller man defend against and defeat larger attackers.
Rolls Gracie started to refine the art in the 1970's, incorporating moves from wrestling into his curriculum. He also created the first rule and point systems for jiu jitsu competitions.
THE ULTIMATE FIGHTING CHAMPIONSHIP
Rorion, another Gracie from Brazil, made the move to Los Angeles in the 1990s to show his fighting system to America. While mixed martial arts contests (known in Brazil as "vale tudo") have been very popular since Carlos Gracie opened his academy in 1925 in Brazil, they were not well-known in the rest of the globe. Rorion and Art Davies created "The Ultimate Fighting Championship", which would pit different martial arts styles against one another. UFC allowed challengers of different martial arts to compete against each other to show their martial art and prove their sport's credibility.
Rorian, his younger brother Royce, dominated the first UFC in 1993. Royce was small and outweighed by his competitors. He was able to exploit the other contestants' ignorance of ground fighting and won, defeating four competitors in one night. His victories helped to increase interest in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu in Japan and the USA, consolidating its status as a true global martial art.
THE MODERN ERA
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, which is currently the fastest-growing martial art in the world, is riding the wave the "Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) explosion. There are thousands of Jiu-Jitsu academies in every corner of the world. Sport Jiu-Jitsu is also gaining in popularity. The International Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Foundation, which is the governing body for the sport, hosts a competition circuit each year that draws thousands of participants. Jiu Jitsu is still used in all MMA competitions. All fighters must have a basic knowledge of Jiu Jitsu in order to succeed. Its practitioners are constantly improving the art and enhancing it. Every day, new moves and techniques are invented. This is a testimony to the dynamic nature of the art.
JIU-JITSU LINEAGE
It is the foundation of Jiu Jitsu. It is the Jiu Jitsu family tree that began in 1874 and continues on to today. While Lineage is a controversial topic in Jiu Jitsu circles today, it should not be overlooked that Jiu Jitsu has been made what it is today because of legitimate practitioners from the past. It is hard to overstate the sacrifices and discipline required to dedicate one's life to the martial arts as well as the sharing of the knowledge and experience gained during this journey. The Greenwich Jiu Jitsu Academy is proud to honor its ties to both the present and the past of the above-mentioned line of Jiu Jitsu Masters.
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