
Like other layer 1 blockchain, Bitcoin also experiences congestion, which restricts transaction volume and makes it unsuitable for high-volume peer-to-peer exchanges. However, several Bitcoin layer 2 solutions are also emerging to address these limitations and enhance the network's scalability and functionality. In this blog, we will delve into the top layer 2 Bitcoin solutions you should keep an eye on in 2024.
Why Does Bitcoin Require Layer 2 Solutions?
- Bitcoin faces the scalability trilemma, which posits that no network can be simultaneously decentralized, secure, and scalable. Bitcoin was initially designed for extreme decentralization at the trade-off of processing only 3 to 4 transactions per second.
- Satoshi Nakamoto also proposed a 10-minute block generation time to balance network latency, computational efficiency, and propagation time. Although the SegWit upgrade expanded blockchain size, Ethereum, with its 20-second block time, maintained a competitive edge.
- The introduction of BRC-20 and Ordinals also increased Bitcoin's congestion and transaction fees, demanding a better solution to address scalability solutions.
What Are Bitcoin Layer 2 Solutions?
Bitcoin layer 2 solutions are secondary protocols built on Bitcoin's base layer to process transactions off the mainchain, address congestion issues, and improve network functionality. These solutions enhance scalability, and throughput, and reduce transaction costs without altering Bitcoin's fundamental structure.
List of Top Bitcoin Layer 2 Solutions in 2024
- Stacks
Created by Ryan Shea and Muneeb Ali, Stacks facilitates smart contracts on the Bitcoin network using the Proof of Transfer (POX) consensus algorithm. Stacks token (STX) holders validate transactions and earn BTC rewards, adding security. The Clarity programming language also improves smart contract security.
- Lightning Network
Launched in 2018, the Lightning Network enables instant micropayments with near-zero fees, processing up to a million transactions per second. It uses payment channels and onion routing for maximum anonymity.
- Rootstock (RSK)
Developed by RSK Labs, Rootstock is an EVM-compatible platform for decentralized applications (dApps) on Bitcoin. It extends Bitcoin's capabilities with sidechain technology, improving transaction times and enabling smart contracts. Rootstock’s RBTC maintains a 1:1 peg with BTC, facilitating DeFi apps.
- Liquid Network
Introduced by Blockstream in 2018, Liquid Network accelerates secure and confidential settlement and issuance of digital assets like security tokens and stablecoins. Operated by a federation of financial institutions, Liquid Bitcoin (L-BTC) maintains a 1:1 peg with Bitcoin which adds to the transparency.
Conclusion
As the demand for efficient Bitcoin transactions grows, Bitcoin layer 2 solutions are pivotal. In 2024, Bitcoin layer 2 projects like Lightning Network and Rootstock are transforming Bitcoin interactions. Staying informed about these advancements is crucial for leveraging their opportunities. For detailed insights about Bitcoin layer 2 solutions, consult Antier’s blockchain experts.