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What are the types of operational amplifiers?

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What are the types of operational amplifiers?

According to the parameters of the integrated operational amplifier, the integrated operational amplifier can be divided into the following categories.

 1. General-Purpose Operational Amplifier

General-purpose op-amps are designed for general purposes. The main features of this type of device are low price, large quantity, and wide range of products, and its performance index can be suitable for general use. Examples include μA741 (single operational amplifier), LM358 (dual operational amplifier), LM324 (quad operational amplifier) ​​, and LF356 with FET as the input stage. They are the most widely used integrated operational amplifiers today.

2. High-impedance operational amplifier

The characteristics of this type of integrated operational amplifier are that the differential mode input impedance is very high, the input bias current is very small, generally, rid>1GΩ~1TΩ, IB is several picoamps to tens of picoamps. The main measure to achieve these indicators is to use the characteristics of the high input impedance of FETs to form the differential input stage of the operational amplifier with FETs. Using FET as the input stage not only has high input impedance and low input bias current, but also has the advantages of high speed, wide bandwidth, and low noise, but the input offset voltage is large. Common integrated devices include LF355, LF347 (four operational amplifiers), and CA3130 and CA3140 with higher input impedance.

3. Low-Temperature Drift Operational Amplifier

In automatic control instruments such as precision instruments and weak signal detection, it is always hoped that the offset voltage of the operational amplifier should be small and not change with temperature. Low-temperature drift op-amps are designed for this. At present, the commonly used high-precision, low-temperature drift operational amplifiers include OP07, OP27, AD508, and the chopper-stabilized low-drift device ICL7650 composed of MOSFETs.

4. High-speed operational amplifier

In fast A/D and D/A converters and video amplifiers, the conversion rate SR of the integrated operational amplifier must be high, and the unity-gain bandwidth BWG must be large enough, such as general-purpose integrated operational amplifiers are not suitable for high-speed applications. occasion. The main features of high-speed operational amplifiers are high slew rate and wide frequency response. Common operational amplifiers include LM318, μA715, etc., with SR=50~70V/us and BWG>20MHz.

5. Low Power Operational Amplifier

Since the biggest advantage of electronic circuit integration is that it can make complex circuits small and light, with the expansion of the application range of portable instruments, it is necessary to use operational amplifiers with low power supply voltage and low power consumption. Commonly used operational amplifiers are TL-022C, TL-060C, etc., the operating voltage is ±2V~±18V, and the current consumption is 50~250μA. At present, the power consumption of some products has reached μW level. For example, the power supply of ICL7600 is 1.5V, and the power consumption is 10mW. It can be powered by a single battery.

6. High Voltage High Power Operational Amplifier

The output voltage of an operational amplifier is mainly limited by the power supply. In ordinary operational amplifiers, the maximum output voltage is generally only tens of volts, and the output current is only tens of milliamps. To increase the output voltage or increase the output current, an auxiliary circuit must be added outside the integrated operational amplifier. The high-voltage and high-current integrated operational amplifier can output high voltage and large current without any additional circuit outside. For example, the power supply voltage of the D41 integrated operational amplifier can reach ±150V, and the output current of the μA791 integrated operational amplifier can reach 1A.

7. Programmable Controlled Operational Amplifier

In the process of using instruments and meters, the problem of the range will be involved. In order to obtain a fixed voltage output, it is necessary to change the magnification of the operational amplifier. For example, if an operational amplifier has a magnification of 10 times, and the input signal is 1mv, the output voltage is 10mv. When the input voltage is 0.1mv, the output is only 1mv. In order to get 10mv, the magnification must be changed to 100. The program-controlled op-amp is generated to solve this problem. For example, PGA103A, by controlling the 1 and 2 pins level to change the magnification.


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