The term "biomarker," which stands for "biological marker," is used to denote the occurrence or continuation of a biological process in the body. Most people identify biomarkers with medicine, even though some are used to demonstrate that the body has been exposed to a chemical, toxin, or other environmental impact.
Biomarkers needs to be something that can be precisely and consistently measured. The World Health Organization defines a biomarker as "any measurement reflecting an interaction between a biological system and a possible danger, which may be chemical, physical, or biological." There are other definitions for a biomarker as well. The measured reaction could be physiological and functional, cellular-level biochemical, or a molecular interaction.
A raised heart rate brought on by physical effort is a biomarker, not a medical symptom like a high fever that a patient might use to gauge their health. Exercise causes a physiological reaction in the heart rate increase.
The quantities of marker molecules in a straightforward blood sample can be analysed and evaluated. During a heart attack, a doctor may consider the following:
Cardiac troponin is a protein that stays in the bloodstream even after other indicators return to normal levels after a heart attack.
An enzyme called creatinine kinase is more abundant following a heart attack. The degree of heart damage can be assessed by measuring a specific type of CK.
After an incident, biomarker levels can fluctuate over time, appearing and disappearing at different times.
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