Scientists from the University of East Anglia in the United Kingdom have found a novel technique to boost plant disease resistance by administering animal antibodies. According to a publication titled "NLR immune receptor-nanobody fusions give plant disease resistance," published in Science on March 3, 2023, the research has been successful in protecting plants from harmful pathogens. The research details a process for engineering antibodies from llamas and alpacas to combat a plant pathogen.
Past studies have discovered that animal immune systems are superior to plant ones when it comes to fighting against microbial infections. The infected sections of the plant will simply die and fall to the ground. The plant will perish if too many of its components die. Yet, when an animal encounters a new threat, the process of creating new antibodies might take several weeks. The researchers behind this latest investigation were curious about whether or not plants may benefit from adopting aspects of animal immune systems in their battle against the disease.
These scientists took inspiration from prior studies, such as that of a group at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research which employed single-domain antibody fragments produced from alpaca to disrupt biological processes in mammalian cells (Nature Microbiology, 2016, doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.80).
In this new study, these authors constructed what they call pikobodies, which are antibodies from llamas and alpacas fused to the Pik-1 protein. In nature, this protein is normally found in plants similar to tobacco plants, and it helps detect a protein that allows a type of rice fungus to infect plant cells. The team also modified these antibodies so that they recognize fluorescent proteins.
The typical pathway for target-specific sdAb development goes through four phases, of which the antibody host animal llamas and alpacas are immunized through diverse strategies, such as DNA immunization, whole cell immunization, and multiple site immunization.
The authors then injected pikobodies into a range of plant species and then exposed them to the P. inermis fungus. They discovered that fungal cells in plants exposed to fluorescent proteins were destroyed, leaving behind dark spots on the leaves. They evaluated eleven variants of pikobodies and discovered that four were not only non-lethal to plant cells, but also destroyed just fungal cells with certain proteins, indicating that this method may be used to assist plants in defending themselves.
These authors also discovered that their various types of pikobodies may be coupled in a variety of ways, so providing the plant with several methods of disease resistance.
According to the report published by Allied Market Research, the global biotech ingredients market was pegged at $51.3 billion in 2020 and is estimated to hit $75.3 billion by 2028, registering a CAGR of 4.8% from 2021 to 2028.
The report provides an in-depth analysis of the top investment pockets, top winning strategies, drivers & opportunities, market size & estimations, competitive landscape, and changing market trends.Shift in consumer preference from synthetic to bio-based ingredients and development in biotechnology fuel the growth of the global biotech ingredients market.
On the other hand, limited availability of raw materials restrains the growth to some extent.
However, favorable government policies and technological advancements in bio-engineering are expected to create lucrative opportunities in the industry.Request PDF Brochure: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/request-sample/11710COVID-19 scenario-The outbreak of the pandemic has given way to either closure or suspension of production activities in most industrial units across the globe, which has impacted the market negatively.Nevertheless, initiation of mass vaccination in most countries is projected to mend the global situation and market is expected to get back on track soon.The global biotech ingredients market is analyzed across type, product, expression systems, and region.
The biosimilars segment, on the other hand, would exhibit the fastest CAGR of 5.0% during the forecast period.Based on product, the monoclonal antibodies segment contributed to more than one-fifth of the total market revenue in 2020 and is expected to dominate by 2028.
However, the hormones and growth factors segment would cite the fastest CAGR of 5.5% during from 2021 to 2028.Get Detailed COVID-19 Impact Analysis on the Biotech Ingredients Market: https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/request-for-customization/11710?reqfor=covidBased on region, Europe held the major share in 2020, garnering nearly two-fifths of the global market.
