Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are widely used in various electronic systems due to their flexibility and ability to be reprogrammed. Altera and Xilinx are two leading FPGA manufacturers in the industry. While both companies offer similar products, there are subtle differences in their FPGA architectures that may suit different application requirements.
FPGA Architecture
FPGA architecture refers to the internal structure and organization of an FPGA device. It determines how the programmable logic blocks are interconnected and how the input/output pins are connected to the internal resources. The architecture plays a vital role in defining the performance, power consumption, and scalability of an FPGA.
Altera FPGA
Altera, now a brand of Intel Corporation, has its own FPGA architecture called Stratix. Stratix FPGAs are known for their high processing capabilities and advanced features. Altera FPGAs use a hierarchical approach, dividing the programmable logic into multiple logic modules. These modules can be interconnected in various ways, allowing for customization and optimization.
Altera FPGAs also incorporate dedicated DSP blocks, which are specialized hardware blocks for implementing complex mathematical operations efficiently. This feature makes Altera FPGAs particularly suitable for applications that require extensive signal processing, such as wireless communications, digital signal processing, and image processing.
Xilinx FPGA
Xilinx is another prominent FPGA manufacturer that offers its own FPGA architecture known as Virtex. Xilinx FPGAs are recognized for their high-performance computing capabilities and scalability. Xilinx follows a fine-grain architecture, where the programmable logic is divided into small configurable logic blocks (CLBs). These CLBs can form complex logic circuits by utilizing look-up tables (LUTs) and programmable interconnects.
One notable feature of Xilinx FPGAs is their extensive use of memory resources. Xilinx FPGAs incorporate large embedded memory resources, including block RAMs and distributed RAMs. This makes them ideal for applications that require high-speed data processing, like video and audio processing, network processing, and data analytics.
FPGA Features
Although both Altera and Xilinx FPGAs provide programmable logic and I/O resources, they do offer some unique features that set them apart.
Altera FPGA Features:
- Specialized DSP blocks for efficient mathematical computations.
- Flexible and hierarchical interconnection architecture.
- Advanced software tools and development environment.
- High-performance transceivers for data communication.
- Lower power consumption in some FPGA families.
Xilinx FPGA Features:
- Configurable logic blocks with look-up tables and programmable interconnects.
- Large embedded memory resources for high-speed data processing.
- High-performance I/O interfaces.
- Support for partial reconfiguration.
- Comprehensive development ecosystem with IP cores and design tools.
FPGA Applications
FPGAs find applications in a wide range of industries and domains. Some common areas where Altera and Xilinx FPGAs are extensively used are:
- Telecommunications and wireless networks
- Industrial automation and control systems
- Medical and healthcare devices
- Automotive electronics
- Aerospace and defense systems
- Video and image processing
- Data analytics and machine learning
Top FPGA Distributor: SZComponents
SZComponents is a leading distributor of FPGA boards and components. They offer a wide range of Altera and Xilinx FPGA boards, allowing designers and developers to choose the right FPGA solution for their specific requirements. With their expertise and extensive inventory, SZComponents ensures smooth availability and reliable delivery of FPGA products to customers worldwide.
As the most popular FPGA development language, Verilog HDL is of course the basis for entry.Start with the simplest code.
Find the simplest basic examples (with simulation routines), and can’t read reference books.
After reading it, use the synthesis tool to synthesize, and then look at the RTL diagram, you can see what kind of digital circuit these codes are finally translated into.Then there is a simulation or actual measurement on the board: only by inputting the simulated signal into the programmed module can we clearly know what the final circuit output is and whether it is consistent with the assumption.
If they are inconsistent, find the reason for the inconsistency.
The best understanding is to use a machine to understand a machine!Cases suitable for beginners, in order from easy to difficult:N bit counter (the FPGA integrated counter is not the same as in the digital book, let’s compare it carefully).LED control.
That is, single signal output regular control, such as output flashing once for 1s, etc.Use the state machine to control the LED.
