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How technology is changing higher education

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Alina
How technology is changing higher education

In his seminal 1869 essay, The New Education, Charles Eliot charted the general directions of education. In this essay, Eliot, who became President of Harvard University in 1869 for a record 40 years, presented a compelling case for continually updating curriculum and teaching methods so that education can keep pace with society. After 150 years, this approach is still relevant.

Today's educators must reimagine higher education for a new technology-driven world. Farnam Jahanian, President of Carnegie Mellon University, recently noted:

The unprecedented pace of social change makes reform even more urgent. Higher education is the engine of progress in the knowledge economy, and there is tremendous pressure on it. "

Due to advances in technology, jobs and competencies are changing faster than people or organizations can adapt. The 2019 Coursera Global Competency Index found that two-thirds of the world's population lagged behind in critical practical skills. According to research from the World Economic Forum, the basic skills required to perform most professional duties will change by an average of 42% by 2022.

Anticipating changes of this magnitude, companies are urgently trying to find and acquire the competencies they need to stay competitive. Skill shortages are now one of the top three threats to businesses from the perspective of executives around the world, according to a recent PricewaterhouseCoopers poll.

Universities are custodians of knowledge and stewards of human capital, therefore they must play a central role in the training of qualified personnel around the world. They cannot be limited by the framework of their own educational institution. We need to strive to build an ecosystem and use online education to expand audience reach and partner with other universities and educational service providers. This will require a much larger investment than the 3% of total spending currently devoted to technology in the education sector. Like any industry, universities will need digital solutions to overcome the big challenges in higher education.

Go beyond the borders


Using the latest technology, universities can go off-campus and reach students of all ages, academic or social categories around the world. The process begins with the implementation of multi-level online learning, which provides flexibility and affordability.

This, in turn, will allow students to pursue shorter university study programs before embarking on higher education. Technology-based formats such as mobile-optimized curriculum enable learners to gain knowledge wherever they are. This makes it easier for a young person to adapt to a new learning environment or resume learning after a long break. At a more advanced level, universities are using adaptive AI-powered learning to personalize and improve education for millions of people.

"375 million workers worldwide (14% of employed) by 2030, according to the maximum estimate of the McKinsey Global Institute, will have to change their profession due to automation, digitalization, the growth of the use of artificial intelligence, and machine learning algorithms. The minimum forecast - 75 million will have to be retrained. workers (3% of employed)"

Universities are already seeing online higher education programs doing well. Top MBA programs such as the Macquarie University MBA program, the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign) iMBA program, Kelley Business School's online MBA, and Carnegie Mellon University's Tepper Business School's online MBA already provide online learning, more accessible to working professionals. These programs also offer multi-level learning - for example, a small set of online courses that enable learners to close specific competency gaps or add specific skills that are useful in their careers.

By applying technology in all its diversity, universities can transform the lives of millions of people around the world by opening up access to education. But this is not the only reward. Through deeper engagement and local industry partnerships, world-renowned, prestigious higher education institutions can effectively facilitate research and find solutions to today's most pressing problems.

At the heart of the ecosystem


The global challenge is to increase the availability of higher education around the world. Universities can be the epicenter of educational reforms. Through technology, they can join forces to create a shared learning ecosystem, and complement their own programs with the best courses from other educational institutions. Last year, Mexico's Monterrey Technological University, Columbia Andean University, and Chile's Pontifical Catholic University teamed up to form La Tríada, a first-of-its-kind collaborative project that brings 150,000 participating universities students to access to 100 online courses. The benefits are not limited to a single curriculum. Universities can also team up to launch a common credit and grading system, create collaborative virtual spaces or gather ideas from a wider audience on what needs to be changed in existing courses and what programs are missing.

Teacher exchange


Technological cooperation will also help reduce teacher shortages around the world. This year, Inside Higher Ed, reported a shortage of computer science teachers in the United States. In India, a shortage of academic staff is holding back the development of the best institutions: for example, at the leading technology educational institution, the Indian Institute of Technology, there is a 35% faculty deficit. Digital ecosystems make it easy to connect subject matter experts from academia or business to offer students from anywhere in the world personalized curriculum. Other Opportunities: Universities will be able to reach out to the best minds in the business sector or conduct online faculty exchanges with other universities.

Technology ecosystems are also accelerating university research. For example, the artificial intelligence-based Quartolio research platform helps researchers from various universities, including Berkeley, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Stanford, to complete the picture and make scientific discoveries at the intersection of different scientific disciplines.

Become a business partner


The joint Stanford-Silicon Valley story illustrates the opportunities that come from business and academia. Stanford boasted the largest number of student entrepreneurs in the world in 2018, according to the PitchBook platform, at 1,178 (plus 1,015 companies and $ 28.84 billion in capital raised). As the need for skills is growing rapidly, there is a need to strengthen links between business and universities. For example, the School of Mines in Paris is an example of close cooperation with business. The university has connections with more than 100 large industrial enterprises. In addition to interaction in the research field, internships and joint educational projects are envisaged.

The shortage of personnel around the world is growing, and educational institutions and enterprises - employers around the world must become partners. These partnerships between universities and employers aim to ensure that students acquire skills that are useful in finding a job. An example is the collaboration of the Google IT Support Professional Certificate program with 25 US community colleges that offer information technology training as part of the main curriculum. There are more than 215,000 unfilled vacancies in the United States in the information systems support industry, and this collaboration solves the problem of a large competence gap.

Google matches students in these programs with top IT support employers. Among them, in particular, Walmart and Bank of America. Moreover, the University of London and Northeastern University will credit students who complete such an online program with their bachelor's degrees.

Learning for life


The mission of higher education institutions is changing along with the situation in the labor market, and the situation is such that education is acquiring unprecedentedly high importance. Universities are expected to actively work with all categories of students. They must confer qualifications that are in the interests of employers. And employers today are increasingly interested in competencies, rather than traditional degrees. Higher education institutions should make it easier for students to learn new skills. And learning should not be pumped out after graduation - universities should offer continuing education programs to students throughout the graduates' careers. Indeed, today more and more people understand that lifelong learning is the only way of development. And technology will be the link in these processes.

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