What is eCommerce E-Commerce is a sector of the economy in which advertising, promotion, commercial and financial transactions are carried out directly on the Internet. That is, when you buy or sell something on the Web, this is e-Commerce. https://tonaton.ug From the point of view of business owners, manufacturers and suppliers, e-commerce is the promotion and provision of their goods or services over the Internet. And from the point of view of buyers (clients) - viewing, choosing, comparing and ordering. Types or categories of e-commerce There are six main types of e-commerce, the main difference of which is the interacting parties: business, consumer, administration. Let's consider each of them in more detail. B2B - e-commerce for business This is a type of e-commerce that works on the principle of "from business to business". That is, when one company provides its services or goods to another company, and not to ordinary consumers. A striking example is the collaboration between Sony Corp and Apple. Sony makes camera modules for the iPhone and iPad and sells them directly to Apple. In the same way, Intel used to supply the Apple company with its proprietary processors until it switched to its own - the Apple M1. B2C - e-commerce for the consumer B2C is perhaps the main type of e-commerce, when a company provides its goods, services and services directly to the user. Let's not deviate far from the previous example. Apple sells iPhones, iPads, iMacs, and other in-house products directly to customers. This is B2C. C2C - consumer-to-consumer e-commerce C2C is e-commerce on the Internet, in which one consumer sells goods directly to another, although he does not produce them himself. You can consider the principle of e-Commerce on the example of OLX (Ukraine) or (Uganda). Here, users can put up for sale almost any product, find buyers and immediately sell. The manufacturer, of course, is not involved in the process. C2B - e-commerce from consumer to business In fact, this is the exact opposite of B2C, since in this case the consumer already provides something to the business. The simplest example: a person makes leather goods (purses, purses, etc.), but sells them not directly to customers, but to an online store. He immediately pays him money for each product, and then he interacts with customers. B2A - business administration B2A is e-commerce, covering online transactions conducted by companies and governments. B2A is used in fiscal and social security, when working with various legal documents, and so on. For example, this can include government procurement via the Internet. C2A - e-commerce between consumers and administration Not yet a very popular type of e-commerce that involves transactions between consumers and governments. For example, making an appointment with a doctor and paying for medical services, the formation of tax returns and related payments, distance learning, and the like. Ways to implement commercial relations There are many ways to implement commercial relations. We will focus on the most basic ones: Online stores are perhaps one of the main types of e-Commerce in the world. In recent years, you can buy and sell almost anything on the Web. About creating online stores, we have a comprehensive article "Structure of an online store: the key points for creating the ideal structure of an e-Commerce site." Services / ad sites - all kinds of sites such as OLX, Tonaton, etc. Sites with discounts and promotional codes are a very popular destination. Such sites become real aggregators of bonuses from various companies. Internet auctions - eBay and its analogues. This buying/selling format is quite interesting for both the buyer and the seller. Online payment systems are services with which you can easily make all kinds of payments. For example, pay utility bills, fines, etc. Such ways of implementing commercial relations are typical for the main niches in e-Commerce. And in less popular segments, there are even more of them. Benefits of eCommerce The advantages of e-Commerce for the client: the ability to view and buy goods at any time of the day and day of the week, delivery to the address or to the nearest transport service department, detailed information about the product/service/service. You can easily compare offers from different companies, find the most profitable, save time and money. Advantages of e-Commerce for organizations: a significant expansion of the geography of commercial activities, an increase in the efficiency of business processes and real money savings. For example, an online store does not need to rent a large area for trading, hire sales assistants, and so on. Read more about this in our article “Business processes of an online store”. The e-Commerce industry opens up tremendous opportunities for everyone who works in it. Despite the undeniable advantages, e-commerce also has some disadvantages. Disadvantages of Online Commerce Perhaps the main disadvantage of e-commerce at the moment is the huge competition in popular niches. It is especially evident in the sales of various household, computer, audio and video equipment, smartphones and other electronics. If you add to this the almost identical prices of popular products, it becomes obvious that the competition is fierce. After all, you need to somehow stand out, attract customers. We will return to this issue below. We can name a few more disadvantages: low level of trust in new online sites due to the abundance of scammers; the lack of a truly thoughtful and comprehensive legislative framework for the operation of online stores; business dependence on delivery services; certain difficulties of working with remote employees. Naturally, the advantages of e-Commerce for organizations outweigh many of the disadvantages. But the latter should not be forgotten either. Examples of different types of e-commerce Let's take a look at the main examples of e-commerce that are popular today: Retail and wholesale is one of the main areas of e-Commerce. Dropshipping is the sale of a product made by a third party. Crowdfunding is the collection of funds from consumers in order to obtain start-up capital in order to bring products to the market. Physical and digital products - tangible and intangible goods. For example, computers (physical) and software (digital). Services - the whole range of services that can be offered to potential customers. Now almost all types of e-commerce are constantly developing. The coronavirus pandemic and the accelerated digitalization of society have only contributed to this process.
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